图5

红花种子中的从头脂肪酸和三酰基甘油生物合成途径。注意：红色和蓝色箭头分别代表质体和ER中的生物合成途径。脂质底物缩写：C16：0，棕榈酸；C18：0，硬脂酸；C18：1，油酸；C18：2，亚油酸；C18：3，亚麻酸。酶/蛋白质缩写为：DHLAT，二氢丙酰胺乙酰转移酶；α-PDHC，丙酮酸脱氢酶α亚基；β-PDHC，丙酮酸脱氢酶β亚基； PDP, pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase; α-CT, carboxyl transferase alpha subunit; β-CT, carboxyl transferase beta subunit; BC, biotin carboxylase; BCCP, biotin carboxyl carrier protein; MCAAT, malonyl-CoA ACP transacylase; ACP, acyl carrier protein; KAS I, II, III, ketoacyl-ACP synthase I, II, III; KAR, ketoacyl-ACP reductase; HAD, hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydrase; EAR, enoyl-ACP reductase; SAD, stearoyl-ACP desaturase; FAD6, oleate desaturase (chloroplast); FAD7/8, linoleate desaturase (chloroplast); FAD2, oleate desaturase; FAD3, linoleate desaturase; FATA/B, acyl-ACP thioesterase A/B; LACS, Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase; GPAT, glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase; LPAAT, 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase; PAP, phosphatidic acid phosphatase; DGAT1/2, acyl-CoA: diacylglycerolacyltransferase 1/2; PLC, phospholipase C; CK, choline kinase; CCT, choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase; LPCAT, lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase/lyso-PAF acetyltransferase; PDAT, phospholipid:diacylglycerolacyltransferase; DAG-CPT, diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase