Fig. 1

The inner leaves of cold-acclimated Y-05 exhibit decreased chlorophyll content and undeveloped thylakoids.aThe phenotype of G-04 and Y-05 before and after cold acclimation. For cold acclimation, two-month old Y-05 plants were grown 3 weeks at 4 °C, and then return to 23 °C for continues grown. Before, before cold acclimation. After, after cold acclimation. Bar = 5 cm.bThe total chlorophyll content of outer and inner leaves from Y-05 and G-04 before and after cold acclimation.cThe net photosynthetic rate (P_n) of outer and inner leaves from Y-05 and G-04 after cold acclimation. PAR, photosynthetic active radiation. Three individual plants of each cultivar were quantified, and the total chlorophyll content and P_nwere measured three times. Error bars represent SE (±SE,n = 3). Different letters indicated statistically significant differences at the level ofp < 0.05.d-kChloroplast ultrastructure of outer and inner leaves from G-04 and Y-05 after cold acclimation. v = vacuole, s = starch grains, gt = granum thylakoids, st = stroma thylakoids. In the Fig.1d, f, h, j, Bar = 4 μm. In the Fig.1e, g, i, k, Bar = 1 μm